Key aspects to protect the sexual health of children and youth

The increasing incidence of chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis infections among the young population in Puerto Rico underscores significant challenges in the prevention of and education about sexually transmitted infections (STIs). It is crucial for parents, caregivers, and professionals to focus on four key aspects to protect the sexual health of children and youth:

1. Consent: It is essential to respect the bodies of children and youth. Consent is a fundamental aspect of any sexual relationship and should be a cornerstone of education. It involves ensuring that all participants in sexual interactions agree and respect each other’s decisions and boundaries. Educational curricula should include the teaching of consent, ensuring that young people understand how to set and communicate boundaries effectively. Consent should be addressed both as a legal requirement and a fundamental principle to prevent abuse and ensure respectful and safe relationships.
2. Delaying Sexual Activity: Choosing to delay sexual activity is an effective strategy for reducing the risk of STIs. By opting to wait, young people have the opportunity to reflect on their decisions, better educate themselves about sexual health, and understand their needs and limits. Educational programs should support young people in their choices, fostering an environment where each person’s decision is respected. Providing information on the implications of both abstaining from and engaging in sexual activity contributes to a culture of co-responsibility and respect.
3. Barrier Methods and Effective Protection: For those who choose to be sexually active, the use of barrier methods, such as condoms, is crucial for protection against STIs and unwanted pregnancies. Condoms are both effective and accessible and should be promoted as a preventive tool. Sexual education should include clear and precise information on their correct usage. Public health campaigns can demystify the use of condoms and ensure these products are readily available and accessible.
4. Getting Tested for STIs: Fear of getting tested is a significant barrier to prevention and treatment. Health campaigns and educational programs must address this fear by emphasizing that many STIs are curable. Early detection and timely treatment can prevent complications and reduce the risk of transmission. Testing should be a routine part of healthcare, and both young people and adults should feel comfortable seeking these services. It is crucial to offer a supportive and non-judgmental environment, ensuring that young people can access confidential testing and receive appropriate guidance.

In summary, the rise in STI cases among young people in Puerto Rico highlights the urgent need to improve sexual education and prevention strategies. By focusing on these points, we can promote safer sexual health and reduce the transmission of STIs. Educational and prevention efforts must be inclusive, accessible, and tailored to the changing needs of youth. With a comprehensive approach to optimal health and ongoing commitment, it is possible to protect and promote the sexual health of our youth. I urge that this approach be included in the public policies of candidates and political parties ahead of the elections.

Opinion editorial for El Nuevo Día. Authored by Edna Acosta Pérez, PhD, MSc, Psychologist and Health Educator, Co-Director of the Puerto Rico en Óptima Salud (PROSa) Program.